Industrial Hygienists Urge Businesses to Prepare for a Pandemic Now

May 4, 2009
When health experts recently raised the threat level of the swine flu to five, indicating "a strong signal that a pandemic is imminent," some U.S. businesses were just beginning to consider ways to prepare for the potential health, social and economic impact of a flu pandemic

"Planning for pandemic influenza is critical, and the business community must not delay in considering the impact of a pandemic and to adjust their company's employee health and safety plans accordingly," says Lindsey Booher, CIH, CSP, president of the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). "Employers are responsible for providing a safe and healthful workplace for their employees, and by following guidelines based on traditional infection control and industrial hygiene practices, employers can play a key role in protecting their employees from influenza and other communicable illnesses."

During a pandemic flu outbreak, industrial hygienists will be responsible for both ensuring worker health and safety and maintaining an adequate work force to accommodate changes in workflow and production. As industrial hygienists play a major role in the control of infectious diseases, they already undertake the critical function of educating employers and governments about the effectiveness of industrial hygiene expertise, tools and processes that will control infectious diseases.

AIHA offers the publication "The Role of the Industrial Hygienist in a Pandemic" to provide resources, information and tools to advise and assist general workers, health care workers and management to protect workers in the case of a flu pandemic. The guideline was written by the AIHA Biosafety and Environmental Microbiology Committee and identifies hazards, risk groups and recommended controls; offers a communication plan; describes the impact of a flu pandemic on organizations; and lists key resources to contact for further information.

To assist business leaders in their efforts, AIHA has developed the following guidelines of industrial hygiene initiatives in preparation or in the event of a pandemic. Employers and employees should use these guidelines to help identify risk levels in workplace settings and appropriate measures that include good hygiene, cough etiquette, social distancing and staying home from work when ill.

Workplace Access and Security

  • Restrict and monitor workplace access.
  • Establish criteria for refusal of access to unfit workers and criteria for return-to-work.
  • Implement telework capabilities where feasible.
  • Develop infrastructure to manage meetings by conference call or videoconferencing – when meetings are necessary, keep a separation of at least 6 feet from colleagues and ensure there is adequate ventilation.
  • Reduce or eliminate non-critical social interactions.
  • Encourage job rotation or staggered shifts to reduce workplace capacity as well as worker exposure risks related to traveling on public transit during peak times.
  • Segregate/isolate critical work clusters.
  • Reduce or eliminate work in low-ventilated areas.
  • Minimize the use of shared facilities for eating and smoking by staggering meals and breaks or designating multiple sites.
  • Reduce or eliminate work travel to high-risk regions and encourage workers who are traveling to stay away in the event of a local outbreak.
  • Initiate a snow day practice or "reverse quarantine" for nonessential workers.

Labor Relations

  • Identify critical production needs and reduce nonessential production.
  • Compile priority requirements for key workers with respect to personal protective equipment and training.
  • Engage management and workers/union parties in discussions on safe work practices, grievance procedures, and contingencies available for work force, supply chain and production.
  • Maintain effective communications between all workplace parties.
  • Address dispute resolution regarding health and safety/safe work issues.
  • Identify and mitigate unique exposure risks posed by multiple jobs and shifts by part-time or occasional workers.

Communications

  • Establish a call-in hotline.
  • Create an up-to-the-minute Web page.
  • Launch a dedicated "grapevine."

Germ Control

  • Develop a sick leave policy that does not penalize sick employees and encourages them to stay home – recognize that employees with ill family members may need to stay home to care for them.
  • Provide resources and a work environment that promotes personal hygiene – provide tissues, no-touch trashcans, hand soap, hand sanitizer, disinfectants, and disposable towels (for employees to clean their work surfaces).
  • Encourage employees to wash hands frequently and avoid touching nose, mouth, and eyes – germs can live for two hours or more on surfaces.
  • Encourage employees to cover their coughs and sneezes.
  • Provide employees with up-to-date education and training on flu risk factors, protective behaviors, and instruction on proper behaviors (proper cough etiquette and care of personal protective equipment).
  • Keep work surfaces, telephones, computer equipment and other frequently touched surfaces and office equipment clean.
  • Discourage employees from using phones, desks, offices, or other work tools and equipment that are not their own.
  • Promote healthy lifestyles that include plenty of sleep, physical activity, good nutrition, stress management, drinking plenty of fluids, and smoking cessation.
  • Cover mouth and nose when you sneeze or cough either with a tissue or upper sleeves then clean your hands.
  • Clean hands often, and when possible, wash with soap and warm water, rub vigorously together and scrub all surfaces for 15 to 20 seconds.
  • When soap and water are not available, use alcohol-based disposable hand wipes or gel sanitizers, rubbing hands until dry.

Related Articles

WHO Raises Alert Level for Swine Flu

The United States Responds to Swine Flu Outbreak

Report: Nation Not Ready for Pandemic Flu

Report: Economic Crisis Affects U.S. Preparedness for Health Emergencies

About the Author

Laura Walter

Laura Walter was formerly senior editor of EHS Today. She is a subject matter expert in EHS compliance and government issues and has covered a variety of topics relating to occupational safety and health. Her writing has earned awards from the American Society of Business Publication Editors (ASBPE), the Trade Association Business Publications International (TABPI) and APEX Awards for Publication Excellence. Her debut novel, Body of Stars (Dutton) was published in 2021.

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