SLC 2015: General Motors Ends the Metrics Game

In 2014, three workers died in GM factories. Two more died working somewhere in its sprawling global supply chain.

For most companies, these tragedies might be the end of the line in the corporate safety metrics. They would reflect a few new data points in total events, plus five new issues to investigate and resolve, and that's it.

But that's not how it works at GM.

In his presentation at EHS Today's Safety Leadership Conference last week, GM's Senior Manager for health and Safety, Mike Douglas, explained that GM's road to safety begins by throwing out the metrics.

"When you have folks trying to get their numbers down, it quells reporting," he said. "People play with the numbers to get them into range."

That, he said, defeats the whole point of safety. It's not about meeting some corporate goals; it's about getting your people home safe. Requiring a certain drop in metrics does nothing to alter the real state of safety.

So GM changed their reporting objectives.

"We got away from this idea of tracking numbers," Douglas explained. "We don't care about that. We want to know everything."

So, rather than the usual metrics, the company has turned to sentinel events – any and every situation anywhere across its production or supply chains that could have killed someone, caused a life-altering injury, or resulted in hospitalization. Even if no one was ever harmed.

As Douglas explains, it's a system of measuring "how many folks by sheer luck or variables out of their control escaped an event that could have resulted in a fatality."

Basically, he said, this means tapping into the water cooler talk about what really happens day to day in the plants—about all of the close calls and could-ofs that workers deal with in their jobs. Falling chains, rusted fixtures, that time someone on the line almost got nailed.

"In your place of work, there are [potentially dangerous] things happening every day," he says. "We had to learn to listen to what is really going on."

The results of this shift are rather remarkable.

According to Douglas, in the year it lost three workers on GM premises, it recorded over 4,000 sentinel events – 48 of which could have resulted in a fatality if luck had fallen the other way.

This means, rather than being left with three serious hazards to investigate and resolve at the end of the year, the company has thousands. It means that, once they have been corrected, the company will show certifiable and significant real-life improvements to the safety and security of its workers.

It's not a corporate game. It's not meeting quotas and fudging numbers. It's real improvements to real hazards, eliminating risk before an event ever occurs.